“ Know the New Face of Indian Criminal Law – Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023” 

All You Need to Know with Key MCQs and Explanations

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🧾 Introduction to Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023 replaces the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC), 1860. Introduced by the Government of India, it marks a monumental step in decolonizing India's criminal justice system. Alongside it, Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA) replace the CrPC and Indian Evidence Act respectively.

✅ Key Features of BNS 2023

• Replaces IPC after over 160 years.
• Introduces new definitions and modern crimes such as mob lynching, organized crime, and terrorism.
• Gender-neutral provisions.
• Promotes digitization and speedy justice.
• Emphasizes victim-centric justice.
• Introduces community service as a punishment for minor crimes.

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🧠 Important MCQs on Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023 with Explanation

📘 MCQ 1:

Q.1. What is the primary objective of Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023?
A) Promote colonial laws
B) Replace the Constitution
C) Replace the Indian Penal Code, 1860
D) Abolish all criminal laws

✅ Answer: C) Replace the Indian Penal Code, 1860
📘 Explanation: BNS 2023 is enacted to replace the IPC 1860 with a more relevant, modern Indian criminal law framework.

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📘 MCQ 2:

Q.2. Which of the following laws has NOT been replaced under the criminal law reforms of 2023?
A) Indian Penal Code
B) Code of Civil Procedure
C) Code of Criminal Procedure
D) Indian Evidence Act

✅ Answer: B) Code of Civil Procedure
📘 Explanation: The Code of Civil Procedure remains unchanged. The IPC is replaced by BNS, CrPC by BNSS, and Evidence Act by BSA.

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📘 MCQ 3:

Q.3. Under BNS 2023, which of the following new offenses has been explicitly defined?
A) Sedition
B) Mob lynching
C) Dowry death
D) Attempt to suicide

✅ Answer: B) Mob lynching
📘 Explanation: Mob lynching is now specifically criminalized under BNS, reflecting modern societal challenges.

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📘 MCQ 4:

Q.4. Which chapter of Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita deals with offences against women and children?
A) Chapter I
B) Chapter V
C) Chapter IX
D) Chapter XIII

✅ Answer: B) Chapter V
📘 Explanation: Chapter V of BNS deals with offences specifically targeting women and children, making the legal provisions gender-sensitive and inclusive.

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📘 MCQ 5:

Q.5. Which of the following punishments has been introduced in BNS 2023 for minor offences?
A) Death penalty
B) Life imprisonment
C) Community service
D) Lashing

✅ Answer: C) Community service
📘 Explanation: BNS 2023 introduces community service as a reformative punishment for minor non-violent offences.

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📘 MCQ 6:

Q.6. Which section of BNS 2023 deals with 'terrorist acts'?
A) Section 66
B) Section 52
C) Section 113
D) Section 105

✅ Answer: C) Section 113
📘 Explanation: Section 113 of BNS criminalizes terrorist acts and provides stringent punishments for national security-related offenses.

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📘 MCQ 7:

Q.7. The provision of 'Sedition' under IPC 124A has been __ in BNS 2023.
A) Strengthened
B) Weakened
C) Omitted
D) Renamed

✅ Answer: C) Omitted
📘 Explanation: The controversial sedition law under Section 124A IPC has been repealed in BNS 2023.

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📘 MCQ 8:

Q.8. Which of the following acts deals with the procedural aspects of criminal law under the 2023 reforms?
A) Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita
B) Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita
C) Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam
D) Indian Constitution

✅ Answer: B) Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita
📘 Explanation: BNSS 2023 deals with procedures related to investigation, arrest, bail, etc., just like CrPC did earlier.

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📘 MCQ 9:

Q.9. Which of the following is NOT a feature of BNS 2023?
A) Faster trials
B) Protection of digital evidence
C) Colonial definitions
D) Gender neutrality

✅ Answer: C) Colonial definitions
📘 Explanation: BNS 2023 aims to replace colonial-era definitions with modern, Indian-context-based terminology.

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📘 MCQ 10:

Q.10. BNS 2023 was passed in Parliament in which year?
A) 2021
B) 2022
C) 2023
D) 2024

✅ Answer: C) 2023
📘 Explanation: The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita was passed by the Indian Parliament in 2023 and came into force in 2024.

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🧾 Conclusion

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023 is not just a new law; it’s a historic transformation in India’s legal framework. It reflects a progressive, digitally enabled, and victim-centric approach to criminal justice. As aspirants for civil services and judicial exams, it is crucial to stay updated with these transformative legal reforms.

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